Device: Avantes AvantesAvaSpec-2048

Fiber Optic UVvis Spectroscopy device is used to measure light intensity in UV-VIS-NIR and IR-region.

There are light transmission immersion probe, replaceable tip reflection probe and portable handheld spectrometer (AvaMouse) that can be used with the device.

The light transmission immersion probe is used to obtain time-dependent or direct absorbance measurements in liquids, while the interchangeable tip reflection probe is used to obtain spectral information about powders or dense liquids.

The portable handheld spectrometer (AvaMouse) is used to determine the color of flat surfaces by making reflection measurements in the visible region.

Technicial Specifications:

Wavelength range: 200-800 nm (UV/VIS),
Temperature range: -40-100 °C (conduction immersion probe), -30-100 °C (reflection probe), room temperature (avamouse)

Applications:
It is used in many different applications such as color measurement, determination of the concentration of chemical compounds or electromagnetic radiation analysis.

Device : Shimadzu IRPrestige-21 FTIR-8400S

Infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopy is a type of vibrational spectroscopy; IR rays are absorbed by the vibrational movements of the molecule. In mathematical Fourier transform spectroscopy, the luminous intensity is taken as a function of time. Fast and high resolution spectra can be obtained without the need to scan each wavelength separately. With this method, molecular bond characterization is done; The functional groups in the structure of solid, liquid, gaseous or solution organic compounds, whether the two compounds are the same, the state of the bonds in the structure, the bonding sites and whether the structure is aromatic or aliphatic can be determined.

Technicial Specifications :

Michelson interferometer
Single beam optics
Germanium coated KBr beam splitter
High sensitivity pyroelectric detector(DLATGS)
wavelength range of 7800 cm-1- 350cm-1

Applications :
It is used to determine the functional groups in the structure of solid, liquid, gaseous or solution organic compounds.

Device Usage Form: FTIR ANALYSIS TRACKING FORM

Device: Digilab Excalibur Series

FT-IR is used to examine molecular structure and interactions. Adsorption and desorption studies can be applied under vacuum with a temperature-controlled drift cell. It is used in the analysis of many substances such as polymer films, fibers, water, proteins, low molecular weight hydrocarbons, agriculture, food and petroleum products.

Applications:

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer ( DIGILAB EXCALIBUR ) is a device used in studies in many fields such as chemistry, pharmacy, biology, food, geology and environment.

Device Usage Form: analysis tracking form

Device: Lyssy L100-5000 Manometric

Gas Permeability Analyzer (Lyssy L100-5000 Monometric) is used to measure the permeability of films or foils to any general gas or gas mixtures. This device tests gas permeability using the most well-known manometric principle—the pressure variation of the gas passing over the film.

Technicial Specifications :

Temperature range: 5-75 °C
Measuring range: 1 – 10,000 ml/m2/day
Sample size: 100mm X 100mm
Gas: Oxygen and carbon dioxide

Applications:

Food packaging films, paper coating applications, various polymeric membrane films

Device Usage Form: GAS PERMEABILITY MEASURING DEVICE ANALYSIS REQUEST FORM

Device: Haake Mars II

The rotary rheometer system is used to measure the response of the fluid to applied forces when viscosity measurements are not sufficient to determine flow properties and more parameters need to be determined and measured.

Technicial Specifications :

Temperature range (Peltier controlled cone and plate unit): -60°C to 185 °C
Minimum torque: 0.05 µNm
Motor inertia: 10 µNms2
Minimum oscillation frequency: 10-5 Hz
Minimum angular velocity: min-1 10-7

Applications :

Measurements of steady-state slip and dynamic slip can be performed to understand the flow properties of semi-solids, suspensions, emulsions, and polymers in industries such as pharmaceutical, food, cosmetics, and consumer products.

Device Usage Form: Rheometer-Analysis-FOLLOW-UP-FORM

Technicial Specifications :
Temperature range: Ambient temperature – 300°C
Heating rate range: 0.01-2°C/min
Maximum vacuum: 1×10-7 mbar
Maximum pressure: 100 bar (with pressure cell)

Applications :

Energy: Removal of sulfur from diesel with zeolite, reactivity of asphalt-salt mixture, gas humidification-separation, catalyst characterization, hydrogen (fuel cell) adsorption, nuclear waste
stability, thermal characterization of nuclear materials etc.

Food: Dissolution, melting, crystallization, amorphism, stability, oxidation, neutralization of free fatty acids in oil, gel formation/distribution etc.

Process Safety: Risk analysis of pressure that may cause an accident, chemical synthesis and thermal decomposition, thermal stability of substances, determination of risks during normal operations, time and mass scale risks during the accident, etc.

Device : MICROMERITICS AutoChem II 2920

The Chemical Sorption (Autochem II 2920) device provides information on the physical properties of catalysts, catalyst supports and other materials. It determines the catalytic properties such as metal distribution, active metal area, acid strength, surface acidity, distribution of strengths of active centers. It performs Pulse Chemisorption, Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR), desorption (TPD), oxidation (TPO) and reaction analysis.

Measurements can be made on powder and particulate solids. The samples must be pre-warmed to be free of water and moisture. Approximately 1g of sample should be provided for measurement.

Technicial Specifications :

Oven Temperature max : 800 C
Gas: Argon, Helium, Hydrogen, Ammonia,

Applications :

Catalysts; TPR, TPD, TPO measurements

Device Usage Form : Chemisorp-Analysis-Request Form

THERMAL GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS DEVICES (TGA)

Shimadzu TGA-51                             SETERAM LABSYS TGA/DTA/DSC

Device Usage Form : thermal analysis form

Applications :

Mass loss in solids and solvents
Determination of Deterioration Temperature
Adsorption/release
Corrosion
Sublimation

DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS (DTA)

Differential thermal analysis (DTA) is a thermoanalytical method. In this method, the same temperature program is applied to the sample and the thermally inert reference material. The difference between the two is measured as a function of temperature. These two substances are heated together. The temperature is raised smoothly. It has a wider usage area as it is not only dependent on mass loss as in TG.

Shimadzu DTA-50

DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETER (DSC)

DSC measures transitions in material as a function of temperature and time in a controlled atmosphere environment. These transitions depend on the observed temperature and heat fluxes. These measurements provide quantitative and qualitative information about physical and chemical changes, including endothermic, exothermic, and changes in heat capacity.

Our devices :

Perkin Elmer Lambda 45 UV-Vis Spectrophotometer

Perkin Elmer Lambda 25 UV-Vis Spectrophotometer

UV-VIS Spectroscopy ; It is used to identify unknown substances in solution and to determine the concentration of known substances. Ultraviolet (100-400nm) and visible light (400-700nm) (UV-VIS) absorption spectroscopy is the measurement of the attenuation of a beam of light after it has passed through a sample or is reflected from a sample surface. A decrease in the intensity of light indicates an increase in absorption. Many molecules absorb UV or Vis wavelengths, and different molecules absorb different wavelengths. An absorption spectrum consists of many absorption bands that show the structure of the molecule.

Technicial Specifications :

Wavelength range: 190-1100 nm
Optics: Dual beam.
Band gap: Lambda 45 (0.5, -, 4 nm switchable) and Lambda 25 (1nm fixed )
Light Source: Deuterium and tungsten lamps.
dual monochromator ; Lambda 45 has
Analysis of solid samples is possible with the reflectance apparatus.

Scope of application :

Drinking water and waste water analysis

Pharmaceutical applications

Biochemical applications

Sample Delivery Terms :

Samples in solution should be clear and sufficient amount of solvent to be used as a blank should be brought.

Device : MICROMERITICS ASAP 2010

With this Micromeritics brand ASAP 2010 computer-equipped device, the surface areas, volumes, pore diameters and distributions of solids in m2/g can be measured based on the nitrogen (N2) gas adsorption technique in a liquid nitrogen environment at -197 oC. It can measure up to a minimum of 10 m2/g. Results can be obtained from the computer monitor in the form of BET surface area, Langmuir surface area and pore diameters and pore volumes values ​​and pore distributions. In the micropore system, there are different calculation methods such as Harvath-Kawazoe, Dubinin (Astakhov and Radushkevich models) and t-plot method.

Measurements can be made on pellets, powders and solids. The samples must be pre-warmed to be free of water and moisture. At least 100 mg of sample should be provided for measurement.

Technicial Specifications :

Degas : Vacuum heating up to 350°C
Pressure Range: 0 – 950 mmHg
Minimum Surface Area 10 m2/g
Adsorbing gas: Nitrogen, Argon, Carbon Dioxide and Krypton

Applications :

solid samples,

surface area
Pore ​​size distribution (in micro-meso scale)
pore diameter
It determines the pore volume.

Device Usage Form : Bet request form

Device : PERMATRAN-W® Model 3/33

The water vapor permeability measurement device is used to determine the standard water vapor transmission rates of plastic films and packaging materials.

Technicial Specifications :

Temperature range: 5-50 °C
Measuring range: 0.005-1000 g/m2/day
Sample size: 5 cm2 (masking in highly permeable films) or 50 cm2
Humidity range: 100% and 5-95% RH

Applications :

The water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) test system is designed to evaluate barrier materials used in packaging applications.

Device Usage Form : WATER VAPOR PERMEABILITY MEASURING DEVICE ANALYSIS REQUEST FORM

Device : Metrohm 763 Thermomat

PVC thermal stability meter is a special device used to determine thermal stability by using conductivity for the detection of HCl gas. Determining the thermal stability of PVC-chlorinated plastics is a three-step process. PVC decomposes at high temperatures and HCl gas is released when it decomposes. The HCl gas is carried by the inert nitrogen flow by the measuring cell filled with distilled water.

Technicial Specifications :

Temperature range: 50-220 °C
Conductivity measurement range: 0 – 500 µS/cm
Sample weight: 0.5 g (samples should be cut into small pieces if not powder)

Applications :

The thermal stability of PVC materials is measured by measuring the conductivity of the aqueous HCl solution.

Instrument : Perkin Elmer LS-55 Fluorescence Spectrometers

Fluorescence spectroscopy detects concentrations as low as one-trillionth (nano-level). Luminescence can be measured directly, small emission can be amplified many times with little noise. Selectivity for two selectable wavelengths (excitation and emission) and a multidimensional information can be obtained in fluorescence spectrometry scanning.

Emission of metal complex ions with fluorescence can be measured. Fluorometic analysis has numerous applications to organic and biochemical species. The most important applications of fluorometer are food products, medicine, clinical samples, cell biology, cellular toxicity/viability, molecular toxicity, protein folding/unfolding, receptor (simple experiments, DNS teaching, binding studies, and protein measurement), research (assay development, cell-based study), apoptosis studies, and analyzes of phagocytosis / oxidative processes.

Device Usage Form : FLORESSANCE SPECTROSCOPY ANALYSIS REQUEST FORM

AGILENT 1100 Series HPLC (with DAD and RID detector)

HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) High Performance Liquid Chromatography is called HPLC for short. High performance; means high resolution (separation). It is also called High-pressure Liquid Chromatography because the mobile phase is provided to advance at high pressure.

HPLC is the most widely used instrument for analytical separation techniques. Reasons for its widespread use are its sensitivity, its ability to be easily adapted to quantitative determinations, its suitability for the separation of non-volatile or easily degradable compounds with temperature. Most importantly, it is widely applicable to substances of primary concern to many branches of industry and society.

Examples of such compounds are amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, drugs, and pesticides. The HPLC unit consists of four parts: degasser, pump, autosampler, column and detector.

Degasser : It provides the removal of dissolved gases present in the mobile phases.

Columns : C18 column is available.

Detectors : Diode Array Detector (DAD) and Refractive Index Detector (RID).

Mobile Phase : It is the mobile phase that carries the substance (analyte) to be analyzed. The mobile phase usually consists of water and aqueous buffer solutions, their solutions with methanol and/or acetonitrile, or organic solvents. The composition of the mobile phase and the pH value directly affect the separation, the mobile phase should be selected according to the technique used, sample type and column.

Chromatographic Analysis that can be done in HPLC :

• Normal Phase Chromatography

Stationary phase: polar (Silicagel-Polymer and bonded –CN, -NO2 or NH2 fillers)

Mobilphase: non-polar or low polarity solvents and their mixtures (Ethylether, Chloroform, Hexane etc.).

The low polarity analyte leaves the column first. Since substances with similar properties are highly dispersed among each other, the analyte with low polarity dissolves very well in the mobile phase and leaves the column first. In addition, due to the same property, the apolar analyte can be held in the column for a short time since it interacts less with the polar constant. The polarity of the mobile phase is reduced to shorten the retention time. To increase the retention time, the polarity of the mobile phase is increased.

• Reverse Phase Chromatography:

Stationary phase: apolar (Silicagel-Polymer and C18, octyl or phenyl groups attached to it, methyl, ethyl and –NH2 group fillers).

Mobilphase: polar (weak solvent aqueous or buffered, pH adjusted mixtures of strong organic solvents such as Methanol, Acetonitrile, Tetrahydrofuran).

The highly polarized analyte leaves the column first. Since substances with similar properties are dispersed among each other, the analyte with high polarity dissolves very well in the mobile phase and leaves the column first. In addition, due to the same property, the polar analyte can be held in the column for a short time since it interacts little with the nonpolar constant phase.

The polarity of the mobile phase is reduced to shorten the retention time. To increase the retention time, the polarity of the mobile phase is increased.

In Normal Phase Chromatography, the retention times are long in the mobile phase with low polarity, and the retention times are short in the mobile phase with increased polarity.

In Reverse Phase Chromatography, the retention times are long in the highly polarized mobile phase and short in the mobile phase with reduced polarity.

• Ion Exchange:

It is a technique used to separate ionic compounds. It is also useful in the analysis of water-soluble organic substances.

Columns with fillers with negatively charged functional groups are used for cations, and columns with fillers with positively charged functional groups are used for anions.

As the molecular weight of the ion increases, its holding power in the column also increases.

• Size Exclusion:

It is a technique used for mixtures where analytes with very large molecular weight differences will be analyzed together. It is generally used in polymer, sugar and protein analysis.

In this technique, there is a physical, not a chemical interaction between the analytes and the column filler. The analyte with a large molecular weight leaves the column first because it does not fit into the pores in the column filler.

The mobilphase organic solvent used in the sieving technique is called GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) and the aqueous solution is called GFC (Gel Filtration Chromatography).

• Chiral Separation :

It is a technique made by using special chiral columns by converting isomers with the same physical properties into diastereomers by interacting with the fixed phase.

Device Usage Form : HPLC ANALYSIS REQUEST FORM